PHYSICAL LOADS IN ATHLETES AND THE GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM: PROBLEMS AND THEİR SOLUTİONS
Abstract
Problems with disorders of the digestive system are common in athletes, especially in sports for endurance, often reduce their performance or subsequent recovery. It has been shown that 30-50% of athletes make complaints indicating violations of the gastrointestinal tract during exercise. The main causes of symptoms of damage to the digestive system are physiological, mechanical and nutritional. Appropriate food preparation can reduce the risk of gastrointestinal problems during exercise due to rapid emptying of the stomach, optimal absorption of water and nutrients, maintaining adequate hemocirculation and immune homeostasis. A number of food rations, including the use of transport carbohydrates, stimulants of nitric oxide production in the intestine and improving its hemodynamics, as well as modulating the microflora and strengthening the immune system, is proposed. Evidence of the beneficial effects of such interventions is not enough; more research is needed to thoroughly understand the problem in order to develop practical recommendations for athletes.
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Keywords
digestive system
violations
food preparation физические нагрузки у спортсменов
пищеварительная система
нарушения
пищевая подготовка idmançılarda fiziki yüklər
mədə-bağırsaq sistemi
pozğunluqlar
qida hazırlığı
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